Earthquakes and other natural disasters will occur, but we often feel overwhelmed by the idea of having to organize, not knowing where to start, and we, *ahem*… end up abandoning the idea. Or maybe you bought emergency backpacks for your family years ago without ever using them (thankfully!) and it’s time to get things up-to-date.

Here are some essential pointers for creating an emergency backpack that meet the latest standards.

What is an emergency backpack?

An emergency backpack, also known as a Bousai rucksack 「防災リュック」, is a pre-assembled bag filled with essential supplies intended to aid survival during/after natural disasters like earthquakes, typhoons, or floods.

These backpacks are crucial to disaster preparedness in Japan, where frequent reminders emphasize the need for readiness due to the country’s susceptibility to such events. Designed to support individuals for at least three days, they provide vital resources until assistance arrives or the situation improves.

Who needs emergency backpacks?

Everyone living in Japan should be prepared for natural disasters with an emergency backpack. There is a 70% chance that in the next 30 years, there will be a devastating earthquake. Not only will many people die and houses will collapse, water, electricity, delivery roads and other lifelines may be cut off. Emergency packs aren’t to survive the disaster itself – they are to survive after it strikes until proper amends can be made.

In Japan, families commonly prepare personalized backpacks for each member and specialized kits for pets, children, and elderly relatives. Authorities and schools actively raise awareness, urging individuals to customize their backpacks to accommodate unique needs, including medical conditions or dietary preferences.

What goes into emergency backpacks?

The contents of an emergency backpack can vary based on individual and family needs, but these items are typically prepared:

1. Basic Survival Items:

• Water (at least 3 liters per person)
• Non-perishable food (like canned goods or energy bars)
• A helmet that has passed the national examination
• A first-aid kit.

2. Communication tools:

• A flashlight
• Extra batteries
• A portable radio
• A phone charger (preferably solar-powered)
• A whistle that is easy to access quickly

3. Personal Hygiene Products:

• Towelettes
• A toothbrush and toothpaste
• Sanitary items
• Masks

4. Clothing:

• Weather-appropriate clothing
• A compact blanket
• Raincoat
• Slippers for the evacuation shelter

5. Important documents:

• Photocopies of IDs, insurance details, and emergency contacts sealed in waterproof pouches.

6. Others:

• Medication
• Baby formula
• Pet supplies
• Plastic bags/garbage bags
• Cash (esp. coins), etc.

Choose a design that is easy to carry during evacuation.

While it’s not technically in the backpack, it’s a good idea to have a pair of robust shoes by the front door that are easy to slip on quickly. Choose a pair that will keep your feet safe in case of broken glass.

Disaster Preparedness Backpacks for families with children

Babies: When evacuating, using a baby carrier is more practical than a stroller due to crowded areas and obstacles. Always carry a “mommy bag” with essential items for your baby, including diapers and liquid milk (since powdered milk may require hot water that might not be available).

Toddlers to elementary school children: Each child should have their own disaster preparedness backpack with essential items they can carry comfortably. Include activities like picture books, drawing notebooks, toys, and snacks to help prevent boredom in shelters. If your child has allergies or specific food preferences, pack suitable food as most shelters cater meals to adult palates.

Disaster Preparedness Backpack for pets owners

Some evacuation shelters may not permit pets, so it’s very important to confirm the policies in your area ahead of time.

If you need to evacuate, ensure your pet is kept on a leash or secured in a crate or carrier. It’s also wise to help your pet become accustomed to these beforehand. To prevent your pet from being lost, always attach an identification tag or pet tag to them.

Additionally, pack essentials such as waste disposal supplies, your pet’s usual food and water, stress-relief toys, and an animal notebook or a photo of your pet.

Where Can I Buy Pre-Packed Emergency Backpacks?

You can either choose to prepare your own customized emergency pack, or you can easily purchase pre-assembled kits. Here are some options:

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Preparing in advance for natural disasters by keeping a Bousai backpack ready ensures you’re equipped for the unexpected, providing peace of mind during emergencies. In a country like Japan, where earthquakes, typhoons, and other natural disasters are constant threats, being proactive can make all the difference in your safety and survival. It’s not just about having the necessary supplies, but also having the knowledge and tools to handle uncertain situations until help arrives.